水分胁迫对植物线粒体结构和脯氨酸氧化酶活性的影响

水分胁迫期间,小麦幼苗芽鞘和棉花幼苗胚轴细胞内游离脯氨酸浓度增加;但复水后又恢复正常。电镜观察发现线粒体肿大,嵴消失。胞质中出现脂肪滴。气相层析技术分析,发现水分胁迫使线粒体脂肪酸组成及含量有明显变化;不饱和脂肪酸含量增加。随着水分胁迫时间的延长,脯氨酸氧化酶活性也明显下降。设想水分胁迫使线粒体结构和组分发生了不利于脯氨酸氧化酶活性表达的变化,因而抑制了酶活性。     

Sister chromatid differential staining and NOR activity of BrdU-resistant sublines

Summary Two 30 g/ml BrdU-resistant sublines and two 60 g/ml BrdU-resistant sublines are induced from a Chinese hamster cell line Wg3h (HGPRT^–) by one-step and two-step selections, respectively. By inoculating the cells into BrdU-free medium or by adding more BrdU into the culture medium for 26–27 h, it was found that the two BrdU-resistant sublines analysed have very clear sister chromatid differential (SCD) staining patterns. This indicates that some of the nuclear DNA of the BrdU-resistant cells incorporate with BrdU to reach a kinetic balance. Frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) of the resistant cells are twice to four times as high as those of the Wg3h cells, depending on which BrdU-resistant subline is analysed. The SCE frequencies of the resistant cells also increase with the BrdU concentration in the medium. Analysis of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) indicates that the NOR activity of three out of the four BrdU-resistant sublines is significantly suppressed, i.e., averages of the Ag-NOR number and number of the chromosomes bearing Ag-NORs per cell decrease significantly. The degree of suppression for different BrdU-resistant sublines may be quite different. The suppressed NOR activity of the resistant cells can gradually be restored when the cells are inoculated into BrdU-free medium, but the recovery speed is far lower than that of the Wg3h cells. The suppression of the NOR activity of the BrdU-resistant sublines should be due to BrdU toxicity.     

猕猴(Macaca mulatta)主动脉弓的分支类型

随着心血管系统研究的进展和猿猴在医学中的广泛应用,猴主动脉弓分支的情况引起人们的重视。虽然张胜泉等（1974）对猕猴的心脏冠状动脉的解剖学作过调查,但有关主动脉弓分支的资料很少。为此,我们进行了本题研究,以供参考。     

向日葵未受精胚珠培养时胚状体发生的显微观察

由开花前1—4天的向日葵子房中取出胚珠,在液体培养基上进行漂浮培养,诱导了未受精的卵细胞发育为单倍体的胚状体.亦诱导了珠被绒毡层产生胚状体。对两种胚状体的发生和发育过程及其形态发生特点作了显微观察与描述。     

百合花粉母细胞间细胞融合期间腺苷三磷酸酶活性的细胞化学定位及其与染色质胞间转移的关系

用标准的磷酸铅沉淀的细胞化学方法,对百合花粉母细胞间染色质穿壁运动期间及其前后三个时期中的腺苷三磷酸酶(ATP 酶)活性进行了超微结构的定位。结果表明:(1)在穿壁前,ATP 酶活性主要定位于质膜、胞间连丝及细胞间隙;在内质网、高尔基体、质体和某些局部的基质(groundplasm)中,也表现有 ATP 酶活性反应的产物;但在染色质和核仁中,一般都没有这种反应。(2)在穿壁时,染色质从一个细胞穿壁转移到另一个相邻细胞,同时看到染色质和核仁内出现密集的 ATP 酶活性反应产物;在内质网和高尔基体的腔内以及质体的片层上也产生明显的 ATP 酶活性反应;而在质膜、胞间连丝及细胞间隙内 ATP 酶活性明显降低,甚至看不到明显的活性反应。(3)在穿壁后,质膜及细胞间隙中又产生明显的 ATP 酶活性反应产物,但核内染色质上的 ATP 酶活性则显著降低,而核仁内则仍有较高的活性。同前二个时期一样,内质网、高尔基体和质体上的 ATP 酶仍表现明显的活性反应。最后讨论了三个不同发育时期 ATP 酶活性及其分布部位的改变与染色质胞间转移的关系。     

Are Chaoborus larvae more abundant in acidified than in non-acidified lakes in Central Canada?

Eriksson et al (1980) hypothesized that the abundance of certain macroinvertebrate predators, such as larvae of the phantom midge Chaoborus , should increase in acidified lakes because of the elimination of fish. To examine the influence of pH and presence of fish on Chaoborus abundance, we surveyed Chaoborus populations in 33 lakes in Ontario, Canada which ranged in pH from 4.5 to 7.4. Chaoborus larvae were not more abundant in the acidified lakes that were devoid of fish than in the remaining lakes. Therefore, we concluded that pH and presence of fish are not prime determinants of total Chaoborus abundance in Canadian Shield lakes. We hypothesized that significant increases in Chaoborus abundance should only be anticipated when fish populations are eliminated by acidification of relatively nutrient rich lakes.     

青海贵德、共和两盆地晚新生代哺乳动物

本文记述了青海省贵德及共和两盆地的几个含晚新生代哺乳动物化石地点的地层剖面及采自18个地点的26种(代表20个属)哺乳动物化石.对其中的 Myospalax arvicolinus, Microtus, Anancus, Leptobos crassus gonghenensis subsp. nov., L. vallisarni, Bison (Superbison) crassicornis, Boopsis breviceps作了较详细的描述和讨论.通过对动物群的分析初步确定了盆地主要堆积物的时代——贵德盆地:上新世—早更新世;共和盆地:早—中更新世,并简略探讨了两盆地的发育历史.     

足籽骨的放射片研究

本文对山东枣庄市916人足放射片进行了足籽骨的观察与测量。发现每足有1-7个籽骨,其中二个者占77.8％,三个者占16.9％;籽骨位于跖骨头下方者占94.5％,位于趾间关节下方者占5.5％;各跖骨头籽骨出现率:Ⅰ占99.9％、Ⅱ占 2.2％、Ⅲ占0.3％、Ⅳ占0.5％、Ⅴ占6.4％;(足母)趾趾间关节籽骨占12.6％;二分及三分籽骨出现率占3.9％,明显低于欧美人。此外,本文认为籽骨是在先天籽骨原基基础上,加以后天运动的影响而形成。     

中国某些野生和栽培茶的核型研究

研究了茶的4个变种和广东野生毛叶茶等共12个材料的核型。所有材料的染色体数目均是2n=30,为二倍体。所有中国大叶变种(越南大叶除外)(Cametlia sinensis var. macrophylla)和阿萨姆大叶变种(C. sinensis var. assamica)均具比较对称或原始的“2A”核型;中国小叶变种(C.sinensis var.bohea)(“铁观音”品种除外),掸部变种(C.sinensis var. shan form)和广东野生毛叶茶(C. ptilophylla)均具较不对称或较进化的“2B”核型。根据核型特征,植物习性和地理分布,作者认为中国四川和云南可能是茶的起源中心,向东或北迁移,演变为中国小叶变种;向南移则演变为阿萨姆变种和掸部变种。     

琼脂糖平板制备聚焦电泳法进一步提纯胸腺素组分五

用琼脂糖平板等电聚焦电泳法,由胸腺素组分五中分离出三种在聚焦电泳谱上是单一谱线的多肽成份——CP1、CP2和CP3,等电点分别为4.3、4.9和5.6。测定了这些多肽对脐带血中淋巴细胞形成羊红细胞玫瑰花的影响。与对照相比,CP1(2微克/0.6毫升),和CP3(0.2-2微克/毫升)分别在统计学上呈显著和非常显著差异。在相同测定条件下,这三种多肽成份的活性均高于化学合成的胸腺多肽——胸腺素α_1。